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Fig. 3 | Renal Replacement Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Impact of vascular calcification on cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients: clinical significance, mechanisms and possible strategies for treatment

Fig. 3

Clinical aspect of vascular calcification leading to cardiovascular complication. The critical key for vascular calcification is hyperphosphatemia due to decreased renal function. Hyperphosphatemia causes vascular calcification through several mechanisms. Vascular calcification, concomitantly with left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis, causes cardiovascular complication. Abbreviations: FGF23 fibroblast growth factor 23, VSMC vascular smooth muscle cell, iPTH intact parathyroid hormone, PWV pulse wave velocity

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Renal Replacement Therapy

ISSN: 2059-1381

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