Table 1 Patient characteristics between the two groups
From: Effect of walkability on the physical activity of hemodialysis patients: a multicenter study
Total | Car-dependent area | Walkable area | p value | Total | Car-dependent area | Walkable area | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 372 | n = 50 | n = 322 | n = 372 | n = 50 | n = 322 | ||||
Age (years) | 69.1 (11.9) | 69.6 (12.3) | 69.0 (11.8) | 0.645 | Working (n, %) | 83 (22.3) | 16 (32.0) | 67 (20.8) | 0.077 |
Sex (men; women) | 229; 143 | 31; 19 | 198; 124 | 0.945 | Farmer (n, %) | 15 (4.0) | 7 (14.0) | 8 (2.5) | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.6 (4.5) | 22.7 (4.4) | 22.6 (4.5) | 0.881 | Blood laboratory data | ||||
Primary disease (n, %) | Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.1 (5.0) | 11.0 (1.3) | 11.1 (5.3) | 0.153 | ||||
Diabetic nephropathy | 139 (37.4) | 18 (36.0) | 121 (37.6) | 0.830 | Albumin (g/dl) | 3.5 (0.4) | 3.5 (0.4) | 3.5 (0.4) | 0.453 |
Nephrosclerosis | 63 (16.9) | 14 (28.0) | 49 (15.2) | 0.025 | C-reactive protein (mg/dl) | 0.5 (1.5) | 1.0 (2.3) | 0.4 (1.3) | 0.164 |
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 67 (18.0) | 8 (16.0) | 59 (18.3) | 0.691 | GNRI | 95.1 (10.7) | 94.7 (11.2) | 95.2 (10.6) | 0.735 |
IgA nephropathy | 12 (3.2) | 2 (4.0) | 10 (3.1) | 0.668 | Use transportation to the hospital | 160 (43.0) | 19 (38.0) | 141 (43.8) | 0.442 |
Polycystic kidney disease | 18 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 18 (5.6) | 0.148 | Walk Score | 75.6 (23.4) | 26.9 (16.5) | 83.2 (12.8) | < 0.001 |
Other | 47 (12.6) | 7 (14.0) | 40 (12.4) | 0.755 | Handgrip strength (kg) | ||||
Unknown | 26 (7.0) | 1 (2.0) | 25 (7.8) | 0.228 | Men | 27.9 (8.2) | 27.3 (8.4) | 27.9 (8.2) | 0.690 |
Time on dialysis (years) | 7.3 (7.3) | 7.1 (8.1) | 7.4 (7.2) | 0.326 | Women | 17.6 (5.2) | 18.0 (4.9) | 17.5 (5.3) | 0.781 |
Comorbidities (n, %) | SPPB | 11 [8–12] | 11 [7–12] | 11 [8–12] | 0.351 | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | 172 (46.2) | 24 (48.0) | 148 (46.0) | 0.788 | Barthel Index | 100 [100–100] | 100 [90–100] | 100 [100–100] | 0.078 |
Ischemic heart disease | 148 (39.8) | 20 (40.0) | 128 (39.8) | 0.973 | IPAQ (METs・min/week) | ||||
Peripheral artery disease | 96 (25.8) | 11 (22.0) | 85 (26.4) | 0.509 | Total | 861.9 (1533.9) | 890.9 (2250.0) | 857.5 (1400.7) | 0.821 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 77 (20.7) | 9 (18.0) | 68 (21.1) | 0.613 | Walking activity | 610.2 (1029.0) | 372.6 (465.4) | 646.0 (1084.8) | 0.003 |
Fracture | 69 (18.5) | 6 (12.0) | 63 (19.6) | 0.200 | MVPA | 284.8 (1009.8) | 571.6 (1925.3) | 240.2 (773.2) | 0.002 |
Living alone (n, %) | 69 (18.5) | 3 (6.0) | 66 (20.5) | 0.014 | Frail (n, %) | 137 (36.8) | 14 (28.0) | 123 (38.2) | 0.164 |