Table 1 Comparison of the baseline characteristics in hemodialysis (HD) and intermittent infusion hemodiafiltration (I-HDF) groups
Variables | HD | I-HDF | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
n, male (%) | 195,023 (64.4) | 15,551 (62.7) | < 0.0001 |
Age, years | 70.1 ± 12.1 | 70.0 ± 12.0 | < 0.0001 |
HD duration, months | 73 (37–136) | 71 (36–132) | 0.0004 |
Primary causes of ESKD, % | < 0.0001 | ||
Diabetic nephropathy | 40.2 | 42.0 | |
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 28.6 | 27.9 | |
Nephrosclerosis | 12.4 | 12.6 | |
Others | 18.8 | 17.5 | |
Diabetes mellitus, % | 56.6 | 56.6 | 0.971 |
Smoking, % | 10.6 | 10.1 | 0.102 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 21.6 ± 4.0 | 21.8 ± 4.0 | < 0.0001 |
Serum UN, mg/dL | 60.0 ± 16.1 | 60.1 ± 15.8 | < 0.0001 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 9.6 ± 2.9 | 9.7 ± 2.8 | < 0.0001 |
β2-microglobulin, mg/L | 27.0 ± 7.0 | 27.1 ± 6.7 | 0.009 |
Serum albumin, g/dL | 3.5 ± 0.5 | 3.6 ± 0.4 | < 0.0001 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 156 ± 36 | 156 ± 35 | 0.037 |
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 48.3 ± 16.5 | 48.4 ± 16.8 | 0.646 |
C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.16 (0.06–0.50) | 0.16 (0.06–0.50) | 0.098 |
History of CVD, % | 31.0 | 33.2 | < 0.0001 |
Ischemic heart disease | 15.3 | 15.9 | 0.028 |
Hemorrhagic stroke | 5.3 | 5.3 | 0.441 |
Ischemic stroke | 15.0 | 16.9 | < 0.0001 |
Limb amputation | 3.2 | 3.3 | 0.468 |
Systolic BP, mmHg | 151 ± 24.8 | 152 ± 25.6 | < 0.0001 |
Diastolic BP, mmHg | 77.2 ± 14.6 | 77.5 ± 14.8 | 0.014 |
Heart rate, bpm | 74.4 ± 12.9 | 74.4 ± 12.7 | 0.989 |
Calcium, mg/dL | 8.6 ± 0.7 | 8.7 ± 0.7 | < 0.0001 |
Phosphate, mg/dL | 5.2 ± 1.5 | 5.2 ± 1.4 | < 0.0001 |
Intact PTH, pg/mL | 132 (73–212) | 129 (73–208) | 0.001 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 10.8 ± 1.3 | 10.9 ± 1.2 | < 0.0001 |
Kt/V | 1.45 ± 0.31 | 1.44 ± 0.30 | < 0.0001 |
nPCR, g/kg/day | 0.84 ± 0.18 | 0.85 ± 0.17 | < 0.0001 |
% CGR | 90.6 ± 29.1 | 91.7 ± 27.7 | < 0.0001 |
Substitutional volume, L | – | 1.1 (1.0–1.4) | – |