Table 1 Clinical characteristics and exercise capacity

Age (years)

64.6 ± 10.5

61.6 ± 11.0

68.0 ± 8.9

<0.001

Gender (% male)

82.9

81.7

84.2

0.60

Height (m)

1.6 ± 0.1

1.64 ± 0.08

1.62 ± 0.08

0.13

Weight (kg)

63.3 ± 11.5

63.7 ± 12.2

63.0 ± 10.6

0.64

Body mass index (kg/m²)

23.8 ± 3.3

23.7 ± 3.4

23.9 ± 3.1

0.54

Unemployed (%)

50.2

40.5

60.5

0.002

Intervention for IHD

0.79

 CABG (%)

22.0

21.4

22.8

 PCI (%)

78.0

78.6

77.2

 Cerebrovascular disease

8.6

6.9

10.5

0.31

 Orthopedic disorder

17.6

19.1

15.8

0.50

 Diabetes mellitus

39.6

34.4

45.6

0.07

Smoking (%)

0.007

 Current

36.1

43.8

27.2

 Former

36.9

28.5

46.5

 Never

27.0

27.7

26.3

 Hemoglobin (g/dL)

12.9 ± 1.72

13.1 ± 1.62

12.6 ± 1.80

0.008

 Peak creatine kinase (IU/L)

2841 ± 2583

2871 ± 2460

2778 ± 2743

0.83

 Albumin (g/dL)

3.9 ± 0.4

4.0 ± 0.4

3.9 ± 0.4

0.15

 High-sensitive CRP (mg/dL)

0.76 ± 0.33

0.80 ± 1.19

0.73 ± 1.24

0.67

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

61.5 ± 18.4

74.5 ± 11.5

46.5 ± 12.5

0.001

 HbA1c (%)

6.03 ± 1.17

6.02 ± 1.29

6.06 ± 1.07

0.87

Left ventricular ejection fraction (%)

50.7 ± 13.3

53.4 ± 11.4

47.5 ± 14.7

0.001

Ankle-brachial index

1.08 ± 0.12

1.09 ± 0.12

1.08 ± 0.13

0.68

Duration of hospital stay (days)

26.8 ± 17.2

24.8 ± 14.4

29.2 ± 19.7

0.04

6-min walk distance (m)

464.6 ± 101.1

470.3 ± 104.2

459.0 ± 97.8

0.43