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Table 4 Associated mechanisms of PUBS

From: Purple urine bag syndrome in benign prostatic hyperplasia patient

Increased available tryptophan substrate for conversion

 

Alkaline urine facilitates indoxyl oxidation

 

Increased time for bacterial deamination in constipation and slow gut motility

 

Female short urethra prone to UTI

 

Catheter in situ bacteriuria

 

In UTI, more bacterial sulfatase/phosphatase availability

 

In uremic patients, impaired clearance of indoxyl sulfate

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