Case number | [Reference] Reported year | Age /Sex | Underlying disease | Immunity anomalies | IL-6 (pg/mL) | LN histology | Durations from admission to initiation of HD | Immunosuppressive treatment | Complications | Renal outcome | Clinical outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case 1 | [44] 2013 | 56/M | ITP H. pylori infection | Platelet-associated anti-GPIIb/IIIa Ab | 7.2 (serum) | N/A | N/A | mPSLp, IVIG, CsA | N/A | Withdrawal from HD (durations, N/A) | Alive |
Case 2 | [44] 2013 | 56/F | N/A | None | 9.05 (serum) | N/A | 6Â days | mPSLp, PSL, CsA | CMV infection | Withdrawal from HD after 1Â month | Alive |
Case 3 | [45] 2013 | 47/F | N/A | None | 21.9 (serum) | PC-type | 17Â days | mPSLp, PSL, TCZ | CMV pneumonia | Withdrawal from HD after 2Â months | Alive |
Case 4 | [28] 2016 | 47/F | None | N/A | 4380 (serum) 1600 (CSF) | N/A | 1Â day | mPSLp, PSL | Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation | Withdrawal from HD after 3Â weeks | Alive |
Case 5 | [28] 2016 | 76/M | None | ANA | 14.1 (N/A) | HV-type | 10Â days | mPSLp, mPSL sodium succinate | Sepsis (due to systemic, Staphylococcus aureus and, CMV infections) | Withdrawal from HD after about 2Â weeks | Died |
Case 6 | [42] 2016 | 22/M | EBV infection | N/A | N/A | Mixed-type | N/A (about 2Â weeks) | TCZ, RTX, ETP | Respiratory failure requiring intubation | Withdrawal from HD (durations, N/A) | Alive |
Case 7 | [43] 2016 | 73/M | DM Uveitis | ANA | 5.3 (serum) | Biopsy was not performed | N/A (about 2Â weeks) | PSL | DVT, DLBCL | Withdrawal from HD after 1Â week | Alive |
Case 8 | [46] 2016 | 49/F | HTN | ANA | 83.4 (serum) | HV-type | 4Â days | mPSLp, PSL, TCZ | Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation, liver failure, hemorrhage from a rectal ulcer, sepsis due to CNS | Withdrawal from, CHDF and HD, After 2Â months | Alive |
Case 9 | [19] 2016 | 48/M | None | ANA, anti-SS-A Ab anti-TPO Ab, positive direct Coombs test | 16.8 (serum) 945 (pleural effusion) | N/A | 42Â days | mPSLp, PSL, IVIG, PE, RTX | Cardiogenic shock due to cardiomyopathy | Withdrawal from HD after 2Â months | Alive |
Case 10 | [47] 2016 | 72/M | HTN, HL | None | 46.4 (N/A) | Mixed-type | 14 days | PSL, TCZ | Cerebral infarction, necrosis of the ascending colon due to infarction | HDF was continued until the patient’s death | Died |
Case 11 | [48] 2016 | 50/M | N/A | Decreased ADAMTS13 activity (9.9%) | 2130 (N/A) | HV-type | 9Â days | mPSLp, PSL, TCZ | N/A | Withdrawal from HD after 3Â months | Alive |
Case 12 | [17], 2017 | 59/M | DU, Fatty liver | RF | 15.2 (N/A) | Biopsy was not performed | N/A (about 3Â months) | mPSLp, PSL, TCZ | Bacterial infections (multiple times), PCP, CMV infection, Candida bacteremia | Withdrawal from CHDF and HDF after 5Â months | Alive |
Case 13 | [20] 2017 | 72/M | N/A | Anti-SS-A Ab | 26.8 (serum) | Not performed | N/A (about 2Â weeks) | mPSLp, PSL, CYA, TCZ | Temporary cardiac arrest, hypovolemic shock and respiratory failure, Corynebacterium sepsis and pneumonia | Withdrawal from CHDF and HD after 3Â months | Alive |
Case 14 | [49] 2017 | 70/M | Esophageal cancer | λ-type BJP, slightly decreased ADAMTS13 activity | 33 (serum) | Not performed | 21 days | mPSLp, PSL | N/A | Withdrawal from HD after 1 week | Alive |
Case 15 | [50] 2017 | 59/M | HBV infection | None | 14 (N/A) | Mixed-type | 17Â days | mPSLp, PSL, TCZ, and CsA | Cardiac arrest possibly caused by massive ascites | Withdrawal from CRRT and HD after 1Â month | Alive |
Case 16 | [51] 2017 | 38/M | DU | None | 26.6 (serum) | HV-type | 4Â days | mPSLp, PSL, CsA, and TCZ | DIC | Withdrawal from CHDF and HD after 1Â month | Alive |
Case 17 | [52] 2017 | 24/F | N/A | During pregnancy | 842 (serum) | Biopsy was not performed | 8Â days | mPSLp, PSL | Respiratory failure required mechanical ventilation | Withdrawal from HD after about 3Â weeks | Alive |
Case 18 | [53] 2017 | 61/F | N/A | anti-CCP Ab | 75.9 (serum) | HV-type | 7Â days | mPSLp, TCZ, RTX | Multiple organ failure requiring mechanical ventilation | Withdrawal from CRRT and HD (durations, N/A) | Alive |
Case 19 | [33] 2018 | 50/F | Pityriasis rosea | ANA, anti-SS-A/SS-B Ab, anti-Tg/TPO Ab | 15.9 (serum) 5480 (ascites) | Mixed-type | About 20Â months after fist admission | mPSLp, PSL, RTX | CMV infection ARDS required mechanical ventilation, Septic shock due to cholecystitis | Withdrawal from CHDF and HD (durations, N/A) | Alive |
Case 20 | The present case | 46/M | None | ANA, anti-SS-A Ab | 25.2 (serum) 3310 (ascites) | Mixed-type | 50 days | mPSLp, PSL, CsA | Cardiac arrest due to MI, bacterial peritonitis, systemic CMV infections, Trichosporon asahii infection in the lungs | CHDF was continued until the patient’s death | Died |