Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the patients
From: Carnitine deficiency is associated with decreased exercise activity in hemodialysis patients
No. of patients | 37 |
Age (years) | 55.9 ± 13.4 |
Sex (no.) (male/female) | 24/13 |
HD duration (months) | 153 ± 67 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.5 ± 4.1 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.7 ± 1.5 |
Serum albumin (g/dl) | 3.59 ± 0.24 |
AST (U/l) | 13.6 ± 7.6 |
ALT (U/l) | 11.9 ± 7.6 |
BUN (mg/dl) | 60.4 ± 14.2 |
Serum Cr (mg/dl) | 12.3 ± 2.3 |
Uric acid (mg/dl) | 7.4 ± 1.5 |
Corrected Ca (mg/dl) | 8.7 ± 0.6 |
Phosphate (mg/dl) | 5.1 ± 1.3 |
Total chol (mg/dl) | 155.0 ± 29.9 |
HDL-chol (mg/dl) | 46.5 ± 13.5 |
LDL-chol (mg/dl) | 84.5 ± 21.2 |
Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 123.6 ± 94.3 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 0.18 ± 0.29 |
Whole-PTH (pg/ml) | 131.3 ± 93.9 |
NT-pro BNP (pg/ml) | 4794 ± 6125 |
Kt/V | 1.74 ± 0.35 |
Free carnitine (μmol/l) | 24.0 ± 7.3 |
Total carnitine (μmol/l) | 40.0 ± 11.0 |
Acyl carnitine (μmol/l) | 16.2 ± 4.9 |
Primary cause of ESRD (n) | |
Diabetic nephropathy | 10 (27%) |
Chronic glomerulonephritis | 10 (27%) |
Lupus nephritis | 3 (9%) |
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis | 2 (5%) |
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis | 2 (5%) |
Others | 10 (27%) |
Exercise examination | |
TUG (s) | 7.2 ± 1.8 |
Knee extension strength (N/m) | 27.2 ± 9.7 |
Functional reach test (cm) | 35.8 ± 6.7 |
10 m walk test (m/sec) | 8.2 ± 1.5 |
Thigh circumference 10 cm (cm) | 39.8 ± 3.7 |
Calf circumference (cm) | 33.3 ± 3.7 |