Author | Patient age and sex | Mode of dialysis therapy | Dosage and route of administration (weight-based dosing) | Adverse events | Management | Days required for recovery | Outcome |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kitamura et al. [20] | 56, male | Hemodialysis | 2 g daily IV × approximately 2 weeks | Visual loss | Tranexamic acid discontinuation | 2–3 days | Partial recovery with residual visual impairment in dark places |
Hui et al. [21] | 61, male | Peritoneal dialysis | 2 g daily PO × 6 days | Multifocal myoclonus | Tranexamic acid discontinuation | 4 days | Complete recovery |
Ma et al. [18] | 57, male | Peritoneal dialysis | 1 g IV [< 15 mg/kg] | Disorientation, upper extremity myoclonus, and visual disturbance | Tranexamic acid discontinuation | 3 days | Complete recovery |
Ma et al. [18] | 50, female | Peritoneal dialysis | 6 g IV (4.5 g IV during operation and another 1.5 g IV postoperatively) [< 120 mg/kg within 12 h] | Disorientation, generalized tonic-clonic convulsion | Tranexamic acid discontinuation, continuous renal replacement therapy | 1 week | Complete recovery |
Ma et al. [18] | 61, male | Peritoneal dialysis | 3 g daily PO × 3 days [< 45 mg/kg per day] | Slurring of speech, upper extremity myoclonus, unsteady gait, and visual disturbance | Tranexamic acid discontinuation | 3 days | Complete recovery |
Fuah et al. [22] | 65, male | Hemodialysis | 2 g IV (1 g IV × 2 doses over 5 h) | Generalized tonic-clonic convulsion | Tranexamic acid discontinuation, intravenous diazepam 5 mg for the acute treatment of second seizure | 1 day | Complete recovery |