Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Methods | Participants | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Design | Randomization method | Study follow-up periods | Country | Setting | Relevant health status | No. randomized (laparoscopic/open surgery) | Mean age, years (SD) (laparoscopic/open surgery) | Sex M/F (laparoscopic/open surgery) | Exclusion criteria | |
Wright et al. [5] | RCT | Sealed envelopes | 24 months | United Kingdom | Tertiary referral renal unit | ESRD patients commencing PD | 21/24 | 46.4 (14.8)/49.3 (20.2) | (14/7)/(15/9) | Not stated |
Gadallah et al. [4] | Quasi RCT | Alternate month | 3 years | USA | SH a | Not stated | 76/72 | 45.0 (1.8)/47.2 (2.4) | (37/39)/(22/34) | Not stated |
Tsimoyiannis et al. [6] | RCT | Sealed envelopes | 4–36 months (mean 21 ± 10) | Greece | SH a | Not stated | 25/20 | 58 (not stated)/62 (not stated) | (18/7)/(16/4) | Problem for general anesthesia |
Xu et al. [8] | RCT | Not stated | Laparoscopy group 9.96 ± 5.15 months Open laparotomy group 9.85 ± 4.10 months | China | SH a | ESRD patients who received PD catheter insertion for the first time | 25/25 | 53.68 (14.63)/59.20 (16.80) | (16/9)/(17/8) | Having severe cardio-pulmonary involvement, multiple laparotomy, hernia and pelvic or intraperitoneal infection and masses |
Jwo et al. [7] | RCT | Not stated | Laparoscopy group average 16.4 months Open laparotomy group average 16.2 months | Taiwan | SHa | Not stated | 37/40 | 56.65 (13.39)/54.43 (16.49) | (12/25)/(18/22) | Intolerant to spinal/general anesthesia |
Qiao et al. [9] | RCT | Not stated | 24 months | China | SHa | Patients who received catheter insertion for the first time and commencing PD | 58/58 | Overall 47.64 (13.73) c | Overall 62/54b | Having severe cardiopulmonary dysfunction, malignancy, abdominal wall defects, and pelvic or intraperitoneal infection. |
van Laanen et al. [10] | RCT | Sealed envelopes | 4 weeks | Netherlands | Outpatient clinic asking for participation SHa | Patients with ESRD who were suitable for PD and gave informed consent | 46/44 | 62.6 (14.1)/64.5 (14.1) | (29/17)/(24/20) | Refusal to participate |