Table 9 Univariate analysis of factors associated with adherence to dietary prescriptions
Variable (N = 309) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
Socio-demographic factors | ||
Hospital | ||
MTRH | ref | |
KNH | 0.99 (0.62-1.58) | 0.970 |
Gender | ||
Male | ref | |
Female | 0.88 (0.55- 1.417) | 0.611 |
Age in years | 0.99 (0.97- 1.00) | 0.195 |
Age groups | ||
18–40 years | ref | |
Above 40 years | 0.86 (0.54-1.38) | 0.547 |
Marital status | ||
No spouse | ref | |
With spouse | 0.70 (0.43- 1.14) | 0.156 |
Education level | ||
Primary and below | ref | |
Secondary and above | 0.94 (0.58- 1.50) | 0.799 |
Current employment status | ||
No income | ref | |
Earning income | 0.99 (0.62- 1.58) | 0.985 |
Family support available | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.39 (0.72- 2.68) | 0.317 |
Peer support available | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.31(0.78 - 2.19) | 0.296 |
Clinical parameters | ||
Diabetes | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.22 (0.72 - 2.07) | 0.458 |
Hypertension | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.17 (0.64- 2.12) | 0.601 |
Both diabetes and hypertension | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.33 (0.78- 2.26) | 0.293 |
Duration with CKD | ||
Up to 6 months | ref | |
More than 6 months | 1.05 (0.66- 1.69) | 0.808 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 1.06 (1.00- 1.13) | 0.030* |
Access to nutrition counseling services | ||
Main source of nutrition information | ||
Not nutritionist | ref | |
Nutritionist | 0.71 (0.33- 1.54) | 0.397 |
Frequency of nutrition counseling | ||
Rarely | ref | |
Frequently | 1.10 (0.67- 1.78) | 0.695 |
Treatment package has nutrition counseling | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.28 (0.80- 2.04) | 0.292 |
NHIF insurance cover counseling costs | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.22 (0.77- 1.95) | 0.390 |
Nutrition counseling affordable | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 1.54 (0.96- 2.49) | 0.071* |
Perception to diet and fluid restriction | ||
Perception to diet restriction | ||
Not important | ref | |
Important | 0.89 (0.48 - 1.64) | 0.716 |
Motivations for diet restriction | ||
Other reasons like hospitalization | ref | |
Perceived health benefits | 1.15 (0.70 - 1.90) | 0.558 |
Perception to limiting fluid intake | ||
Not important | ref | |
Important | 1.90 (1.15 - 3.14) | 0.012* |
Motivations for limiting fluid intake | ||
Other reasons like hospitalization | ref | |
Perceived health benefits | 1.52 (0.85 - 2.72) | 0.156 |
Perception to weight measurement | ||
Not important | ref | |
Important | 0.97 (0.51 - 1.83) | 0.938 |
Flexible diets, fits with other ways of eating | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 5.51 (2.84 - 10.68) | 0.0001* |
Difficulties following diet recommendations | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 0.18 (0.10 - 0.29) | 0.0001* |
Difficulty limiting fluid intake | ||
No | ref | |
Yes | 0.59 (0.37 - 0.95) | 0.032* |
Adherence to fluid restriction | ||
Not adhered | ref | |
Adhered | 9.42 (5.03 - 17.63) | 0.0000* |