Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies

Wong et al. [34]

RCT 5 months

Countries, Hong Kong; setting, single center

Both incident and prevalent PD patients

Psychiatric, dermatological, or terminal illness; presence of peritonitis or ESI; the use of antibiotics within a month

Mupirocin, n = 73; control, n = 81; dropout, n = 12

ESI, peritonitis, technical failure

Funding source was not stated.

Olga et al. [16]

RCT 86.7 patient-years for M, 60.4 patient-years for C

Countries, Greece; setting, single center

Both incident and prevalent PD patients

Peritonitis or ESI within 3 months

Mupirocin, n = 33; control, n = 29

ESI, peritonitis, technical failure

Funding source was not stated.

Findaly et al. [18]

RCT 58.1 patient-years for M, 53.9 patient-years for C

Countries, United Kingdom; setting, not stated

Both incident and prevalent PD patients

Peritonitis or ESI within a month

Mupirocin, n = 53; control, n = 53

ESI, peritonitis, technical failure

Funding source was not stated.

Bernadini et al. [19]

RCT 53.8 patient-years for M, 64.3 patient-years for G

Countries, United States; setting, multicenter

Both incident and prevalent PD patients enrolled in a registry at three centers.

Allergy to mupirocin or gentamicin, peritonitis or ESI within a month

Mupirocin, n = 66; gentamicin, n = 67

ESI, peritonitis, technical failure

This study was supported by the National Kidney Foundation of Western Pennsylvania, National Kidney Foundation of Upstate New York, and the Paul Teschan Fund of Dialysis Clinic, Inc.

Chu et al. [9]

RCT 44.9 patient-years for M, 39.6 patient-years for G

Countries, Hong Kong; setting, single center

Both incident and prevalent PD patients

Allergy to mupirocin or gentamicin, peritonitis or ESI within 4 weeks, active infection

Mupirocin n = 38; gentamicin, n = 43; dropout, n = 14

ESI, peritonitis, technical failure

Funding source was not stated.

Mortazavi et al. [17]

RCT 29.8 patient-years for M, 29.4 patient-years for G

Countries, Iran; setting, single center

Use of antibiotics within a month, allergy to mupirocin or gentamicin

Mupirocin, n = 61; gentamicin, n = 60; dropout, n = 10

Peritonitis, technical failure

Funding source was not stated.