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Table 3 Clinical characteristics

From: Snow removal maintained a high level of physical activity in patients undergoing hemodialysis in heavy snowfall areas

  All patients (n = 28) Snow remover (n = 10) Non-snow remover (n = 18) p value
Physical function
 Grip strength (kg) 20.7±9.1 23.8±7.8 19.6±9.6 0.028
 STS (s) 13.8±8.4 9.7±1.0 16.0±9.8 0.015
 Gait speed (m/s) 1.0±0.3 1.2±0.2 1.0±0.3 0.038
 SMI (kg/m2) 6.1±0.7 6.1±0.4 6.2±0.8 0.719
 Frailty (n) 12 (42.9) 1 (10.0) 11 (61.1) 0.011
Mental function
 PHQ-9 (point) 7.3±4.4 8.5±5.9 6.7±3.4 0.383
Physical activity
 Total activity (MET-min/week) 993 (1243) 1939 (800) 693 (463) 0.005
 MVPA (MET-min/week) 300 (580) 640 (680) 90 (180) 0.003
  1. Values are means ± standard deviation or number of subjects per group (n) with percentages. Total activity is median (interquartile range)
  2. STS sit-to-stand test, SMI Skeletal Muscle Index, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9, MVPA moderate-to-vigorous physical activity
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