Survival and predictive factors in dialysis patients with COVID-19 in Japan: a nationwide cohort study

Table 3 Multivariate analysis on predictive factors for mortality

	Hazard ratio	95% confidence interval of hazard ratio		p value
	Hazard ratio	Lower limit	Upper limit	p value
Age (reference: < 60)
60 s	1.58	0.90	2.77	0.109
≥ 70	4.92	3.10	7.80	< 0.001
Gender (reference: male)	0.82	0.60	1.11	0.202
Primary disease (reference: chronic glomerulonephritis)
Diabetes mellitus	1.16	0.46	2.95	0.751
Nephrosclerosis	0.94	0.55	1.61	0.829
Others	1.56	0.91	2.68	0.106
Duration of dialysis (reference: < 1 year)
1 to < 5 years	2.07	1.21	3.53	0.008
5 to < 10 years	2.00	1.16	3.45	0.013
10 to < 15 years	2.69	1.49	4.85	0.001
≥ 15 years	2.68	1.48	4.88	0.001
Complication
Diabetes mellitus	1.12	0.45	2.77	0.813
Hypertension	0.87	0.65	1.16	0.337
Cardiovascular disease	1.25	0.94	1.68	0.130
Chronic respiratory disease	0.87	0.55	1.38	0.561
Peripheral arterial disease	1.49	1.05	2.10	0.025
Malignancy	0.91	0.62	1.33	0.626
Oxygenation (reference: no oxygenation)
Oxygen supplementation	3.44	2.06	5.73	< 0.001
Ventilator or ECMO	6.72	3.86	11.69	< 0.001
Remdesivir (reference: without remdesivir)	0.60	0.37	0.98	0.041
Dexamethasone (Reference: without dexamethasone)	1.36	1.01	1.83	0.040

Multivariate analysis was performed, with incidence of COVID-19 in facilities (less than 5 or more than 5), age (< 60, 60 s, ≥ 70), gender, primary disease (chronic glomerulonephritis, diabetes mellitus, nephrosclerosis, or others), duration of dialysis (< 1 year, 1 to < 5 years, 5 to < 10 years, 10 to < 15 years, or ≥ 15 years), complications (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, or malignancy), oxygenation (with or without oxygen supplementation, ventilator, or ECMO), treatment for COVID-19 (with or without remdesivir or dexamethasone) as independent variables
ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

ISSN: 2059-1381