Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants by aortic arch calcification grade

Age (year)

64 ± 11

57 ± 11

65 ± 11

66 ± 8

73 ± 7

 < .001

Male, n (%)

211 (65.7)

59 (67.1)

100 (69.0)

29 (53.7)

23 (67.7)

0.245

Dialysis vintage (year)

9.7 ± 8.2

8.2 ± 7.4

9.3 ± 8.0

12.8 ± 9.1

10.8 ± 8.5

0.010

Diabetes, n (%)

131 (40.8)

45 (51.1)

56 (38.6)

24 (44.4)

6 (17.7)

0.006

Hypertension, n (%)

177 (55.1)

41 (46.6)

91 (62.8)

31 (57.4)

14 (41.2)

0.032

Ischemic heart disease, n (%)

65 (20.3)

14 (15.9)

31 (21.4)

16 (29.6)

4 (11.8)

0.148

Stroke, n (%)

84 (26.2)

17 (19.3)

35 (24.1)

20 (37.0)

12 (35.3)

0.064

Serum albumin (g/dL)

3.7 ± 0.3

3.7 ± 0.3

3.7 ± 0.3

3.6 ± 0.3

3.4 ± 0.3

 < .001

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

10.0 ± 0.9

10.2 ± 0.9

9.9 ± 0.8

10.0 ± 1.0

9.9 ± 0.9

0.108

C-reactive protein (mg/dL)

0.1 (0.0–0.3)

0.1 (0.0–0.3)

0.1 (0.0–0.4)

0.1 (0.0–0.2)

0.2 (0.0–0.4)

0.525

Corrected serum calcium (mg/dL)

9.2 ± 0.5

9.1 ± 0.6

9.2 ± 0.5

9.2 ± 0.5

9.4 ± 0.5

0.120

Serum phosphorus (mg/dL)

5.9 ± 1.3

6.0 ± 1.5

5.9 ± 1.3

5.8 ± 1.2

5.8 ± 1.0

0.712

Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)

252 ± 7

252 ± 14

248 ± 11

267 ± 17

250 ± 22

0.829

Magnesium (mg/dL)

2.6 ± 0.02

2.6 ± 0.04

2.6 ± 0.03

2.6 ± 0.1

2.5 ± 0.1

0.308

Intact parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)

177 ± 7

186 ± 14

165 ± 11

184 ± 18

195 ± 22

0.467

Use of CaCO_3, n (%)

209 (65.3)

61 (70.1)

99 (68.3)

34 (63.0)

15 (44.1)

0.045

Use of Ca-free phosphate binders, n (%)

179 (55.9)

53 (60.9)

80 (55%)

28 (51.9)

18 (52.9)

0.705

Use of vitamin D3, n (%)

117 (36.6)

30 (34.5)

57 (39.3)

18 (33.3)

12 (35.3)

0.840