Table 1 Environmental impact of the modern diet

Model menu

Rice, grilled fish, steamed egg custard, boiled spinach in soy sauce, hearty miso soup, dessert (fruit), beer

Rice, zha cai and pork, deep-fried chicken, chop suey, dessert (fruit), beer

Rice, hamburger steak, potato salad, corn potage, dessert (fruit), beer

Ingredients

Rice, mackerel, salt, daikon radish, egg, chicken breast, shiba shrimp, shiitake mushroom, bonito stock, soy sauce, mirin (sweet sake), spinach, boiled-dried sardines, konjac, deep-fried tofu, tofu, carrot, burdock root, green onion, soybean paste, apple, orange, strawberry, beer

Rice, carrot, cucumber, pork, sake, soy sauce, potato starch, sesame oil, zha cai, bamboo shoot, shiitake mushroom, salt, chicken, ginger, lettuce, frying oil, squid, Chinese white shrimp, quail egg, Chinese cabbage, green pepper, green onion, podded pea, chicken soup, apple, orange, strawberry, beer

Rice, beef, panko, milk, onion, vegetable oil, salt, nutmeg, pepper, egg, butter, tomato puree, bouillon, bay leaf, parsley, green bean, carrot, sugar, salt, potato, lettuce, tomato, cucumber, mayonnaise, canned sweet corn, croutons, apple, orange, strawberry, beer

Food procurement costs

2060 g-CO₂e

2600 g-CO₂e

2720 g-CO₂e

Food preparation costs

673 g-CO₂e

374 g-CO₂e

503 g-CO₂e

Total GHGE

2733 g-CO₂e

2974 g-CO₂e

3223 g-CO₂e