Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline by serum adjusted calcium levels
From: Relationship between serum calcium level at dialysis initiation and subsequent prognosis
Variables | All n = 1517 | G1 n = 114 | G2 n = 241 | G3 n = 530 | G4 n = 522 | G5 n = 110 | p trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years old) | 67.5 + 13.1 | 60.4 + 14.0 | 63.8 + 13.4 | 69.2 + 12.5 | 68.8 + 12.7 | 68.2 + 11.9 | <0.001 |
Female gendera | 491 (32.4) | 43 (37.7) | 61 (25.3) | 167 (31.5) | 176 (33.7) | 44 (40.0) | 0.033 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.5 + 4.4 | 23.5 + 4.2 | 24.7 + 4.9 | 23.5 + 4.4 | 23.1 + 4.1 | 23.1 + 4.4 | <0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 151 + 26 | 154 + 24 | 154 + 28 | 152 + 25 | 150 + 26 | 148 + 28 | 0.129 |
DBP (mmHg) | 77 + 15 | 82 + 14 | 80 + 17 | 77 + 15 | 76 + 15 | 74 + 15 | <0.001 |
Diabetes Mellitusa | 774 (51.0) | 39 (34.2) | 125 (51.9) | 275 (51.9) | 275 (52.7) | 60 (54.5) | 0.007 |
Cancer-bearing | 93 (6.1) | 5 (4.4) | 16 (6.6) | 32 (6.0) | 32 (6.1) | 8 (7.3) | 0.914 |
History of CVD | 681 (44.9) | 29 (25.4) | 98 (40.6) | 248 (46.8) | 251 (48.1) | 55 (50.0) | <0.001 |
Barthel index scoreb | 100 (90-100) | 100 (100-100) | 100 (100-100) | 100 (90-100) | 100 (80-100) | 100 (50-100) | <0.001 |
Use of ACEIs or ARBsa | 913 (60.2) | 64 (56.1) | 146 (60.6) | 323 (60.9) | 315 (60.3) | 65 (59.1) | 0.896 |
Use of beta blockersa | 525 (34.6) | 32 (28.1) | 89 (36.9) | 197 (37.2) | 182 (34.9) | 25 (22.7) | 0.025 |
Use of VDRAsa | 412 (27.2) | 30 (26.3) | 58 (24.1) | 142 (26.8) | 143 (27.4) | 39 (35.5) | 0.290 |
Use of calcium carbonatea | 531 (35.0) | 45 (39.5) | 91 (37.8) | 194 (36.6) | 165 (31.6) | 36 (32.7) | 0.254 |
Use of thiazidea | 347 (22.9) | 18 (15.8) | 62 (25.7) | 134 (25.3) | 109 (20.9) | 24 (21.8) | 0.117 |
Use of ESAsa | 1303 (85.9) | 92 (80.7) | 203 (84.2) | 476 (89.8) | 449 (86.0) | 83 (75.5) | <0.001 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 9.4 + 1.6 | 8.8 + 1.8 | 9.4 + 1.5 | 9.5 + 1.5 | 9.4 + 1.6 | 9.4 + 1.4 | 0.002 |
Serum albumin (g/dL) | 3.20 + 0.60 | 3.44 + 0.45 | 3.25 + 0.58 | 3.29 + 0.54 | 3.10 + 0.62 | 2.89 + 0.67 | <0.001 |
BUN (mg/dL) | 91.8 + 30.4 | 105.3 + 34.3 | 96.9 + 31.7 | 90.7 + 27.5 | 88.1 + 29.5 | 89.1 + 36.0 | <0.001 |
eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 5.44 + 2.22 | 4.21 + 1.36 | 4.92 + 1.95 | 5.44 + 1.92 | 5.77 + 2.28 | 6.30 + 3.48 | <0.001 |
Serum creatinine (mg/dL) | 8.98 + 3.22 | 11.53 + 4.52 | 9.97 + 3.21 | 8.75 + 2.83 | 8.35 + 2.73 | 8.23 + 3.72 | <0.001 |
Serum adjusted calcium (mg/dL) | 8.62 + 1.06 | 6.37 + 0.52 | 7.50 + 0.29 | 8.51 + 0.28 | 9.34 + 0.27 | 10.45 + 0.59 | <0.001 |
Serum phosphorus (mg/dL) | 6.36 + 1.88 | 7.89 + 2.24 | 7.01 + 1.95 | 6.22 + 1.62 | 5.97 + 1.77 | 5.97 + 1.92 | <0.001 |
Alkaline phosphatase (IU/L) | 265 + 173 | 291 + 137 | 272 + 144 | 260 + 164 | 259 + 202 | 265 + 155 | 0.441 |
PTH (pg/mL)b | 292 (186-432) | 440 (329-625) | 375 (274-518) | 307 (208-429) | 231 (147-360) | 150 (71-230) | <0.001 |
CRP (mg/dl)b | 0.30 (0.10-1.34) | 0.31 (0.09-1.36) | 0.32 (0.10-1.24) | 0.20 (0.09-0.99) | 0.30 (0.10-1.53) | 0.62 (0.18-5.41) | <0.001 |
Duration of NCb | 588 (160-1307) | 576 (77-1226) | 579 (195-1107) | 636 (208-1295) | 573 (132-1509) | 465 (80-1161) | 0.517 |