The definition and guideline of sepsis and septic shock were recently updated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of Third Consensus Definitions of Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3) to predict o...
Authors: Maho Akiu, Tae Yamamoto, Mariko Miyazaki, Kimio Watanabe, Emi Fujikura, Masaaki Nakayama, Hiroshi Sato and Sadayoshi Ito
Refeeding syndrome is a potentially fatal electrolyte shift in patients with rapid feeding after low-calorie intake. Although the key to diagnosing refeeding syndrome is hypophosphatemia after feeding, renal d...
Authors: Yoshihisa Miyamoto, Yoshifumi Hamasaki, Akihiko Matsumoto, Kent Doi and Masaomi Nangaku
The mission of Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) is to improve the care and outcomes of kidney disease patients worldwide through the development and implementation of global clinical practice ...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome which has a broad range of etiologic factors depending on different clinical settings. Because AKI has significant impacts on prognosis in any clinical settings, early d...
Decreased physical activity in hemodialysis (HD) patients causes various structural, metabolic, and functional abnormalities due to uremic changes in skeletal muscles. Electrical stimulation (ES) of the lower ...
Authors: Misa Miura, Aki Hirayama, Shigeru Oowada, Akihito Nishida, Chie Saito, Kunihiro Yamagata, Osamu Ito, Yo Hirayama and Masahiro Kohzuki
Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) membranes have the unique property of adsorption, which can remove medium- and large-weight molecular substances that cannot be removed by normal hemodialysis and hemodiafiltrati...
Authors: Nobuko Uchiumi, Koji Sakuma, Sumihiko Sato, Yoshinaga Matsumoto, Hirotada Kobayashi, Koki Toriyabe, Katsumi Hayashi, Tadayuki Kawasaki, Takashi Watanabe, Ayumi Itohisa, Masanori Yokota, Katsumi Okazawa and Noriyoshi Murotani
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been known to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity in Japan. Although traditional risk factors contribute to the development of C...
Historically, cellulose-based materials have been used for manufacturing hemodialysis membranes and remain to date as the commonly used materials. Though cellulose triacetate (CTA) membrane originally has a ho...
Authors: Konomi Togo, Masahito Yamamoto, Motoyuki Imai, Keiichi Akiyama and Akihiro C. Yamashita
Serum albumin is a marker of nourishment and inflammation. Although hypoalbuminemia in hemodialysis patients is reported as a risk factor for poor prognosis, few studies describe its effects on infectious dise...
We investigated whether serum uric acid (SUA) levels before kidney transplantation predict new-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation (NODAT) and compared SUA levels with known risk factors for NODAT by p...
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has much impact on mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and skin perfusion pressure (SPP) are useful tools to detect PAD in HD patients. However...
Pruritus in patients undergoing hemodialysis reduces quality of life via insomnia and depression, and negatively affects prognosis. For diagnosing pruritus, selecting therapeutic strategies, and determining th...
Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder that affects multiple organ systems and can result in tumors in the brain, skin, heart, and kidneys; it may also cause neurological symptoms...
Low tongue pressure contributes to oral frailty. It is a condition in which the pressure between the tongue, palate, and food decreases due to a decrease in tongue muscle function. Low tongue pressure interfer...
Authors: Yuka Kamijo, Eiichiro Kanda, Keisuke Ono, Keizo Maeda, Akane Yanai, Kazuya Honda, Ryuji Tsujimoto, Mai Yanagi, Yoshitaka Ishibashi and Masayuki Yoshida
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited disease among primary diseases in dialysis patients. Tolvaptan is known to improve increases in total kidney volume (TKV) in pa...
Authors: Shuma Hirashio, Shigehiro Doi and Takao Masaki
Infection is the second leading cause of mortality in patients who undergo maintenance hemodialysis. In this population, impairment in both cellular and humoral immunity contributes to the increased incidence ...
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the main public health issues. It increases the morbidity and mortality of patients. Treatment includes multiple aspects such as dialysis and lifestyle modifications. The...
Authors: Ibrahim Mousa, Raed Ataba, Khaled Al-ali, Abdulsalam Alkaiyat and Sa’ed H. Zyoud
Hemodialysis catheters are commonly used for vascular access in patients undergoing blood purification therapies. However, the sudden dysfunction of catheters represents a serious problem, and while we know th...
Authors: Yoshimitsu Takahashi, Junichiro J. Kazama, Suguru Yamamoto, Takashi Oite and Ichiei Narita
Patients with end-stage renal failure may exhibit sarcopenia and protein-energy wasting (PEW). We report a case of improvement in physical function, muscle mass, and muscle strength by management of rehabilita...
Authors: Chiharu Uno, Hidetaka Wakabayashi, Keisuke Maeda and Shinta Nishioka
Asymptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) increases the risk of mortality in non-hemodialysis patients. However, the association between asymptomatic PAD and mortality rate remains unclear in patients on he...
l-carnitine is essential for lipid metabolism, and lack of l-carnitine intake and loss by treatments lead to carnitine depletion causing muscle weakness, anemia, and immune dysfunction. Carnitine depletion occurs...
Authors: Takehiko Oami, Taku Oshima, Noriyuki Hattori, Ayako Teratani, Saori Honda, Toshihiko Yoshida and Shigeto Oda
TAFRO (thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin myelofibrosis/renal failure, and organomegaly) syndrome is a systemic inflammatory disorder and unique clinicopathological variant of idiopathic multicentric...
All forms of shock, particularly septic shock, that involve insufficient blood supply to tissues to meet metabolic demands are main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and develop in one third of patie...
Authors: Alexa Hollinger, Lukas Gantner, Franziska Jockers, Thomas Schweingruber, Katrin Ledergerber, Jonas Dominic Scheuzger, Markus Aschwanden, Michael Dickenmann, Johann Knotzer, Jasper van Bommel and Martin Siegemund
The annual survey of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry (JRDR) was conducted for 4380 dialysis facilities at the end of 2015, among which 4321 facilities (98.7%) responded. The response ...
The necessity of purification of dialysis fluids has been discussed since the 1980s. The Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (JSDT) presented a standard for dialysis fluid purification in 1995 and revised th...
Chronic kidney disease is a major risk factor for dementia, but the influence of hemodialysis itself on the development of dementia remains unclear. We previously reported that non-diabetic patients on mainten...
This study aimed to explore the role of patient’s characteristic and haematological factors as predictive on the maturation of arteriovenous fistulae in patients who underwent vascular access surgery at the Ro...
Authors: Muhammad A. Siddiqui, Suhel Ashraff, Derek Santos, Robert Rush, Thomas E. Carline and Zahid Raza
In Japan, the most commonly used hemofilters for patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) treated with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are made of polysulfone membranes. The aim of this study was to...
In the patients with severe atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS), the evaluation of long-term clinical outcome after percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) has yet been insufficient. The ai...
Cardiac hypertrophy is a life-threatening disorder and is frequently observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Much attention has been focused on the derangement in hormonal factors, including al...
Authors: Koichi Hayashi, Toshihiko Suzuki, Yusuke Sakamaki and Shinsuke Ito
To cope with the increasing number of patients on long-term hemodialysis (HD), especially those with diabetic nephropathy, we designed a fully automated HD system to decrease staff workload and hence human err...
Authors: Takashi Shigematsu, Jun Minakuchi, Satoshi Funakoshi, Junichiro Hashiguchi, Hiroshi Yoshimoto, Kyoko Ito, Takuya Ban and Tetsunosuke Kunitomo
Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have difficulty performing activities of daily living (ADL) compared to healthy people. ADL difficulty is an early predictor of loss of independence and mortality in older...
Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infection encompasses PD-related peritonitis and catheter-related infections, and the latter is used as the collective term to describe exit site infection (ESI) and tunnel inf...
The management of renal anemia in the pre-dialysis period has been remarkably improved by long-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA). However, many incident dialysis patients cannot achieve target hem...
Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels have not been evaluated following ibandronate treatment in hemodialysis (HD) patients.
Authors: Satoru Mitsuboshi, Hitoshi Yamada, Kazuhiko Nagai and Hideo Okajima
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important global health challenge with increasing burden worldwide. CKD and acute kidney injury (AKI) may require renal replacement therapy (RRT) at some stages of the diseas...
Authors: E. K. Tannor, Y. A. Awuku, V. Boima and S. Antwi
Magnesium (Mg) is an essential element that plays pivotal roles in a number of biological processes in the human body. Hypomagnesemia is involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension, vascular calcification,...
Purple color of urine is alarming and may indicate a serious underlying pathology. Purple discoloration of the urinary catheter bag is uncommon and is caused by urinary tract infection with certain organisms.
Authors: Ankit Kayal, Shashanka Dhanuka, Bibhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay, Tapan Kumar Mandal and Charu Lata Bansal
Nutritional therapy and exercise training (ET) are important interventions for hemodialysis patients. We investigated the status of nutritional therapy and ET provided at hemodialysis facilities across Japan.
Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a common clinical manifestation associated with poor prognosis in hemodialysis (HD) patients. HD patients who suffer from diabetic nephropathy (DN) are increasing and diabete...
Carnitine is reported to improve insulin resistance and reduce oxidative stress. Hyperglycemia and increased oxidative stress are well known to promote the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) ...
In the present report case, we show a peritonitis infection in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient in Colombia. We isolated Rhodococcus equi in the peritoneal fluid culture. Rhodococcus equ...
Authors: José Lucas Daza, Yaroslad De La Cruz, Jesús Morales, Carolina Molina, Mauricio Duque, Ingrid Prieto and Victoria Ballen
Nalfurafine hydrochloride (“nalfurafine”), the world’s first selective oral κ-receptor agonist for improving pruritus, is approved in Japan for the treatment of pruritus resistant to existing treatments in hem...
The reported prevalence rate of depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients is 40%. Although appropriate management of these symptoms is important, they remain under-recognized and under-treated in hemodialys...
A lot of risk factors for mortality have been proposed in hemodialysis patients. However, most of the findings were derived from the analyses using all of the hemodialysis patients. What we really want to know...
Authors: Kojiro Nagai, Sayo Ueda, Kenji Tsuchida, Toshio Doi and Jun Minakuchi
The inferior vena cava (IVC) dimensions represent the right ventricular preload, whereas the peak early mitral inflow wave velocity (peak E-velocity) represents the left ventricular preload. On the other hand,...
Patients with end-stage renal disease are in an immune-compromised state, with infection being the most common cause of mortality among those undergoing dialysis.
Hypokalemia is a common electrolyte disorder in peritoneal dialysis patients. Some studies showed the association of serum potassium levels with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and infection. This revie...
Authors: Kentaro Nakai, Kei Saito, Hideki Fujii and Shinichi Nishi
Methotrexate (MTX), a folic acid antimetabolite, is administered at a high dose for the treatment of diseases such as leukemia and malignant lymphoma. Often, an effort is made to reduce the adverse effects of ...
Authors: Emi Fujikura, Maho Akiu, Kenichiro Miyauchi, Mai Yoshida, Satoshi Aoki, Tae Yamamoto, Kaori Narumi, Noriko Yanagisawa, Takashi Nakamichi, Mariko Miyazaki, Hiroshi Sato and Sadayoshi Ito
How residual kidney function (RKF) functions in the prevention of anemia in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is unclear. In this study, we investigated the association between RKF and hemoglobin (Hb) level.
