Table 2 Factors associated with depression
Variable | Total | BDI-II depression score | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
≤ 16 | > 16 | |||
Age category | 0.001a | |||
Less than 30 | 28 (9.8%) | 14 (18.2%) | 14 (6.7%) | |
30–60 | 157 (54.9%) | 46 (59.7%) | 111 (53.1%) | |
More than 60 | 101 (35.3%) | 17 (22.1%) | 84 (40.2%) | |
Gender | 0.036a | |||
Male | 172 (60.1%) | 54 (70.1%) | 118 (56.5%) | |
Female | 114 (39.9%) | 23 (29.9%) | 91 (43.5%) | |
BMI category | 0.147a | |||
Normal (less than 25) | 118 (41.3%) | 35 (45.5%) | 83 (39.7%) | |
Overweight (25–30) | 96 (33.6%) | 29 (37.7%) | 67 (32.1%) | |
Obese (over than 30) | 72 (25.2%) | 13 (16.9%) | 59 (28.2%) | |
Level of education | 0.073b | |||
No formal education | 29 (10.1%) | 4 (5.2%) | 25 (12%) | |
Primary | 132 (46.2%) | 29 (37.7%) | 103 (49.3%) | |
Secondary | 86 (30.1%) | 30 (39%) | 56 (26.8%) | |
University | 22 (7.7%) | 8 (10.4%) | 14 (6.7%) | |
Postgraduate | 17 (5.9%) | 6 (7.8%) | 11 (5.3%) | |
Income | 0.041b | |||
Low (less than 2000NIS) | 167 (58.4%) | 36 (46.8%) | 131 (62.7%) | |
Moderate (2000–5000NIS) | 110 (38.5%) | 37 (48.1%) | 73 (34.9%) | |
High (more than 5000NIS) | 9 (3.1%) | 4 (5.2%) | 5 (2.4%) | |
Marital status | 0.119b | |||
Married | 200 (69.6%) | 54 (70.1%) | 146 (69.9%) | |
Single | 45 (15.7%) | 17 (22.1%) | 28 (13.4%) | |
Divorced | 7 (2.4%) | 1 (1.3%) | 6 (2.9%) | |
Widowed | 34 (11.9%) | 5 (6.5%) | 29 (13.9%) | |
Locality of patients | 0.032b | |||
Urban | 85 (29.7%) | 30 (39.0%) | 55 (26.3%) | |
Rural | 185 (64.7%) | 46 (59.7%) | 139 (66.5%) | |
Camp | 16 (5.6%) | 1 (1.3%) | 15 (7.2%) | |
Employment status | 0.001a | |||
Unemployed | 111 (38.8%) | 26 (33.8%) | 85 (40.7%) | |
Employed | 42 (14.7%) | 24 (31.2%) | 18 (8.6%) | |
Previously employed before renal failure | 133 (46.5%) | 27 (35.1%) | 106 (50.7%) | |
Family history of renal failure | 0.084a | |||
Yes | 73 (74.5%) | 14 (18.2%) | 59 (28.8%) | |
No | 213 (25.5%) | 63 (81.8%) | 150 (71.8%) | |
Herbal use | 0.261a | |||
Yes | 159 (44.4%) | 47 (61.0%) | 112 (53.6%) | |
No | 127 (55.6%) | 30 (39.0%) | 97 (46.4%) | |
Smoking | 0.721 a | |||
Current smoker | 59 (20.6%) | 15 (19.5%) | 44 (21.1%) | |
Previously smoked | 67 (23.4%) | 16 (20.8%) | 51 (24.4%) | |
Non-smoker | 160 (55.9%) | 46 (59.7%) | 114 (54.5%) | |
Exercise | 0.001 a | |||
Yes | 67 (23.4%) | 37 (48.1%) | 30 (14.4%) | |
No | 219 (76.6%) | 40 (51.9%) | 179 (85.6%) | |
Number of medications | 7 (6–9) | 7 (6–9) | 8 (6–9) | 0.039c |