Table 1 Baseline characteristics and demographics of patients
Overall (n = 30) | Outpatients (n = 10) | Inpatients (n = 20) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 57.5 (57.3–79.8) | 57.5 (41.5–65.8) | 76.5 (67.0–81.0) | 0.006 |
Male/female | 23/7 | 7/3 | 16/4 | 0.657 |
Duration of dialysis (months) | 54.0 (2–92.8) | 91.5 (50–107) | 29.0 (1–180) | 0.077 |
DM history | 18 (60.0) | 5 (50.0) | 13 (65.0) | 0.461 |
CVD history | 22 (73.3) | 7 (70.0) | 15 (75.0) | 1.000 |
Wheelchair user or certified caregiver | 9 (30.0) | 1 (10.0) | 8 (40.0) | 0.204 |
Clinical frailty score | 0.571 | |||
Score 7 | 7 | 1 (10.0) | 6 (30.0) | |
Score 8 | 2 | 0 (0.0) | 2 (10.0) | |
Current smoking | 2 (6.7) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | 1.000 |
Past smoking | 21 (70.0) | 9 (90.0) | 12 (60.0) | 0.204 |
Symptoms on onset | 0.172 | |||
Fever | 14 (46.7) | 10 (100.0) | 9 (45.0) | |
Cough | 2 (6.7) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |
Sore throat | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.0) | |
Taste dysfunction | 2 (6.7) | 1 (10.0) | 1 (5.0) | |
Short of breath | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.0) | |
Diarrhea | 1 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.0) | |
Positive by screening testing | 6 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (30.0) | |
COVID-19 severity grade | 0.459 | |||
Mild | 22 (73.3) | 9 (90.0) | 13 (65.0) | |
Moderate | 8 (26.7) | 1 (10.0) | 7 (35.0) | |
Severe | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135.5 (120.0–157.8) | 149.0 (132.3–173.5) | 129.0 (115.5–147.3) | 0.172 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 71.0 (62.5–83.5) | 78.5 (64.5–105.0) | 67.5 (63.5–80.3) | 0.179 |
Heart rate (beat/min) | 81.0 (76.5–94.5) | 98.5 (67.8–104.8) | 79.5 (70.8–85.5) | 0.007 |
Respiratory rate (/min) | 18 (16–19.5) | 19 (18–20) | 16 (16–18) | 0.158 |
SpO2 (%) | 96.0 (95.3–98.0) | 96.5 (95.3–97.0) | 96.0 (95.8–98.0) | 0.621 |
Body temperature (degrees) | 38.0 (37.3–38.3) | 38.2 (38.0–38.4) | 37.5 (37.0–38.2) | 0.048 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.1 (21.3–26.7) | 25.8 (23.3–29.1) | 22.3 (20.5—25.5) | 0.100 |
Antiviral agent (favipiravir) | 3 (10.0) | 3 (30.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.030 |
Steroids (dexamethasone) | 21 (70.0) | 9 (90.0) | 12 (60.0) | 0.204 |
White blood cell (/μL) | 6935 (6115–9160) | 7025 (5022–7890) | 6710 (6125–9632) | 0.660 |
Lymphocyte (/μL) | 772 (589–1006) | 872 (769–1000) | 638 (552–1063) | 0.143 |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.5 (9.7–11.5) | 11.4 (10.7–12.3) | 10.0 (9.2–11.1) | 0.013 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 3.10 (2.7–3.68) | 3.75 (3.45–3.98) | 2.85 (2.50–3.20) | 0.000 |
LDH (mg/dL) | 255.5 (198.8–319.0) | 239.5 (186.3–359.0) | 256.5 (206.3–311.0) | 0.588 |
Ferritin (ng/mL) | 141.2 (72.0–208.0) | 89.5 (43.0–144.1) | 150.6 (110.8–253.9) | 0.109 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 2.15 (0.86–5.68) | 2.59 (1.96–3.45) | 1.82 (0.82–6.44) | 0.826 |
Complication of other infections | 13 (43.3) | 2 (20.0) | 11 (55.0) | 0.119 |